research/md/demonology/demon-hierarchy-synthesis.md

# A Ranked Demonology — Cross-Referenced Hierarchy

*A synthesis across the six sources in `md/demonology/`. Organized by the
**classical grimoire ranks** (King, Duke, Prince, Marquis, Earl, President,
Knight) as used in the *Ars Goetia* / *Pseudomonarchia Daemonum*.*

**Scope rule:** only entities that **recur across two or more** of the six
source documents are included. Hundreds of one-off names (the bulk of the
*Field Guide*'s world-folklore catalog and the rank-and-file of the Goetia 72)
are deliberately excluded; each entry below is attested in at least two books.

**Per-entry fields:** rank & domain · signs / identification · origins & aliases
· source citations.

## Source key

| Tag | Source | Character |
|-----|--------|-----------|
| `[FG]` | *A Field Guide to Demons, Fairies, Fallen Angels…* (Mack & Mack) | Global folklore catalog, by habitat |
| `[DM]` | *Dark Mirrors: Azazel and Satanael in Early Jewish Demonology* (Orlov) | Enochic / Second-Temple, Watcher myth |
| `[PU]` | *Personal or Impersonal: Karl Barth & Merrill Unger…* | Theology; treats the demonic as personal vs. "nothingness" |
| `[SP]` | *Spiritism and the Fallen Angels…* | Protestant polemic; demons behind mediumship/idolatry |
| `[DJ]` | *Daemonologie* (King James I) + *News from Scotland* | Witch-hunt theology; **rejects** the grimoire hierarchy as a fraud |
| `[EN]` | *The Encyclopedia of Demons and Demonology* (Guiley) | Reference; full Goetia 72, seven princes, Watchers, Testament of Solomon |

---

## A note on "rank" before the ladder

There is **no single demonic hierarchy** in these sources — there are competing
schemes that the tradition never reconciled:

- **The grimoire ranks** (King, Duke, Prince, Marquis, Earl, President, Knight,
  + *legions* commanded) — almost entirely from `[EN]`'s *Ars Goetia*. This is
  the ladder this document uses.
- **The seven Princes of Hell** tied to the seven deadly sins (`[EN]`) — Lucifer/
  Pride, Satan/Anger, Beelzebub/Gluttony, Mammon/Avarice, Leviathan/Envy,
  Belphegor/Sloth, Asmodeus/Lust.
- **The four directional Kings** who command the 72 (`[DJ]` and `[EN]`): Amaymon
  (East), Corson (West), Zimimar (North), Gaap (South).
- **The Enochic Watcher chiefs** — a separate, older "chief-of-tens" command
  structure (`[DM]`, `[EN]`, `[SP]`).

**King James `[DJ]` names the grimoire ranks only to deny them**: he insists
Satan, Beelzebub and Lucifer are merely "diverse names" for one prince, and that
the elaborate hierarchy of Kings and Presidents is a deception the Devil feeds
to magicians (Bk III Ch V). Treat the ladder below as *one tradition's
cosmology*, faithfully reported — not a fact the sources agree on.

---

## I. The Supreme Tier — Emperors, the Devil, and the Seven Princes

The demons every source returns to. At this altitude "rank" is honorific and the
names blur together by alias.

### Satan / the Devil
- **Rank & domain:** Head of all demons; "Prince of Darkness," "prince of the
  power of the air," "the god of this world." Sin = **Anger**; archdemon of
  Kether. Tempter, accuser, ruler of Hell, holder of "the power of death."
  *The one figure in all six books.*
- **Signs / identification:** The dragon/serpent of Revelation 12; disguises as
  "an angel of light" (2 Cor 11:14); a shape-shifter — luminous angel, serpent,
  wild beast `[DM]`. To witches he appears as a man in black, or a voice; cold to
  the touch; marks his servants with the Devil's mark `[DJ]`. Walks "as a roaring
  lion" `[SP]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Originally an exalted cherub fallen through pride
  (Isa 14 / Ezek 28) `[SP]`. Aliases: the Devil, Lucifer, Sammael, Satanael, the
  dragon, Apollyon, Beelzebub, Belial, the Adversary, Diabolos, the Deceiver,
  Iblis. `[DJ]` insists Satan = Beelzebub = Lucifer (mere "diverse names").
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "Satan and the Visionary" pp. 107–112; `[PU]` §1.3
  "Satanology"; `[SP]` Ch. III "Satan—Or Spiritism at its Source" pp. 27–38;
  `[DJ]` Bk III Ch V (~p. 175); `[EN]` "Satan" ~21423; `[FG]` PSYCHE.

### Lucifer
- **Rank & domain:** **Emperor of Hell** (ranked *above* Satan in `[EN]`'s
  scheme); the prideful fallen archangel. Sin = **Pride** (symbol: lion);
  archdemon of Kether.
- **Signs / identification:** When conjured, appears as a beautiful child `[EN]`.
  Associated with Venus / the morning star.
- **Origins & aliases:** Latin *lucem ferre*, "light-bearer," from the Day Star
  (Isa 14:12) `[DJ]` `[EN]`. = **Satanael** in *2 Enoch* `[DM]`; treated as the
  pre-fall name of Satan `[PU]` `[SP]`. `[DJ]` calls it only an allegorical name
  for "Satan before his fall."
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "The Watchers of Satanael" pp. 85–99; `[PU]` Lutzer quote
  ~line 8030; `[DJ]` Bk I Ch VI (~p. 90); `[EN]` "Lucifer" ~15055; `[FG]` PSYCHE.

### Beelzebub
- **Rank & domain:** **Prince of Demons** — "prince of the demons" `[SP]`,
  commander of the decan-demons `[EN]`. Sin = **Gluttony**; archdemon of
  Chockmah. Reigns over the witches' sabbats; arouses lust, war, murder.
- **Signs / identification:** A gigantic ugly **fly**, or a giant enthroned with
  swollen face, horns, bat wings, duck feet, lion's tail; thwarted by the oath
  *Elo-i* `[EN]`. One of the six signatures on the Grandier pact `[DJ]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** "Lord of the Flies," from Baal-zebul; highest-ranking
  fallen angel; the chief possessing demon at Aix and Loudun `[EN]`.
- **Citations:** `[SP]` p. 28 (Satan's names) & Ch. IV p. 42; `[DJ]` Bk III Ch V
  (~p. 175); `[EN]` "Beelzebub" ~2732; `[FG]` PSYCHE (ALL NAMES).

### Belial (Beliar)
- **Rank & domain:** **King**, 80 legions (Goetia #68); "chief of demons" (per
  Paul); leader of the Sons of Darkness; titled Prince of Darkness, King of Evil
  `[EN]`. Domain: worthlessness, fornication, lies, treachery. At Qumran, head of
  "the men of the lot of Belial" `[DM]`.
- **Signs / identification:** A deceptively beautiful, soft-voiced angel in a
  fire-dragon chariot; "visage like a viper" (Testament of Amram) `[EN]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Hebrew "without worth"; one of the Watchers; synonym for
  Satan/Antichrist. In `[SP]` (via Milton) a chief of the fallen who, "before the
  flood… with his lusty crew" coupled with the daughters of men.
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "Eschatological Yom Kippur" p. 40 (Qumran); `[SP]` p. 28
  & Milton quote p. 52; `[EN]` "Belial" ~2945.

### Astaroth (Ashtaroth)
- **Rank & domain:** **Grand Duke and Treasurer of Hell**, 40 legions
  (Goetia #29); one of the three supreme demons (with Beelzebub and Lucifer) in
  the *Grand Grimoire* `[EN]`. Teaches all sciences; keeper of past/present/future
  secrets; encourages **sloth**; necromantic divination.
- **Signs / identification:** An ugly (or beautiful) angel astride a dragon,
  holding a viper; **foul, stinking breath** (hold a magic ring to your face);
  conjured Wednesday 10–11 pm `[EN]`. A signatory of the Grandier pact `[DJ]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** A *male* demon derived from the goddess Astarte/
  Ashtoreth; fallen seraph, prince of thrones; archdemon of Chesed. In `[SP]`,
  Milton lists "Ashtaroth" among the feminine chiefs of the fallen angels
  ("spirits… can either sex assume").
- **Citations:** `[SP]` Ch. VI p. 65 (Milton); `[DJ]` Bk I Ch VI note 10 (~p. 97);
  `[EN]` "Astaroth" ~2279.

### Asmodeus (Asmoday, Ashmedai, Aeshma)
- **Rank & domain:** **King**, 72 legions (Goetia #32), first under Amaymon; one
  of the seven princes, sin = **Lust**. Ruler of gambling. Domain: lust,
  jealousy, anger, revenge; wrecks marriages, forces adultery; teaches
  arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, handicrafts `[EN]`. Ruler of the **shedim**
  `[EN]`.
- **Signs / identification:** Three heads (ogre, ram, bull), cock's feet, a
  serpent's tail and wings; rides a fire-breathing dragon; **fears water**;
  thwarted by the smoke of fish liver and gall (Book of Tobit) `[EN]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Persian, from the daeva **Aeshma** "of the bloody mace"
  `[EN]` Zoroastrian section; son of Naamah and Shamdon; fallen seraph; husband
  of Lilith. `[DJ]` cites "Asmoday… a great King ruling seventy-two legions" from
  the Goetia as a specimen of the hierarchy he rejects.
- **Citations:** `[DJ]` Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96); `[EN]` "Asmodeus" ~2170 +
  Testament of Solomon + Zoroastrian "Aeshma" ~642; `[FG]` PSYCHE (ALL NAMES).

### Leviathan
- **Rank & domain:** **King of beasts**; sin = **Envy** `[EN]`. Primordial,
  near-invulnerable sea monster; the "Arch-Fiend" who drags down ships
  (*Paradise Lost*); swallowed Jonah.
- **Signs / identification:** Whale-like, shield-scaled, flaming breath, "eyes
  like the dawn" `[EN]`. Beheld in Abraham's vision of the abyss `[DM]`. On the
  Grandier pact he "signed with a particularly heavy hand" `[DJ]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Job / Jonah. Female aspect the "Tortuous Serpent" linked
  to Lilith; male the "Slant Serpent"; a Loudun possessing demon `[EN]`.
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "The Likeness of Heaven" p. 21; `[DJ]` Bk I Ch VI note 10
  (~p. 97); `[EN]` "Leviathan" ~14260; `[FG]` PSYCHE (ALL NAMES).

### Moloch (Molech)
- **Rank & domain:** With Satan, "first of the evil demons of the Tree of Life"
  (Kether); "prince of the valley of tears"; Sun god of detrimental rays, cause
  of plagues `[EN]`.
- **Signs / identification:** A bull-headed man with long arms on a brass throne;
  children burned alive in his hollow bronze belly — the rite of passing "through
  the fire" `[SP]` `[EN]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Ammonite/Phoenician god; identified with Baal, Malik,
  and Greek Cronos.
- **Citations:** `[SP]` Ch. VII "Abominations of the Canaanites" p. 71; `[EN]`
  "Moloch" ~17459.

### Mammon
- **Rank & domain:** Archdemon and **prince of tempters**; sin = **Avarice**
  (symbol: wolf); Hell's ambassador to England `[EN]`. Personification of greed
  and riches.
- **Origins & aliases:** Aramaic "riches"; a fallen angel, often equated with
  Lucifer/Satan/Beelzebub `[EN]`.
- **Citations:** `[EN]` "Mammon" ~16356; `[FG]` PSYCHE (ALL NAMES).

### Belphegor (Baal-Peor)
- **Rank & domain:** Archdemon of the sixth sephirah (Tipareth); sin = **Sloth**;
  infernal ambassador to France `[EN]`. Governs riches, inventions and
  discoveries; misogyny and licentiousness.
- **Signs / identification:** Sits on a pierced chair (excrement is his offering);
  appears as a beautiful young girl to tempt men `[EN]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** The Moabite god Baal-Peor (phallus worship); a fallen
  Principality.
- **Citations:** `[EN]` "Belphegor" ~2993; `[FG]` PSYCHE (ALL NAMES).

### Mephistopheles
- **Rank & domain:** One of the **seven great princes of Hell**; the Devil's
  representative / pact-familiar `[EN]`. The *famulus* who serves and then damns
  Faust.
- **Signs / identification:** A tall man in black; shape-shifts to grey friar,
  fiery bear, bald dwarf, an invisible ringing bell `[EN]`. The archetypal
  pact-serving demon `[DJ]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Faust-legend figure, named by Trithemius; from Marlowe's
  *Doctor Faustus* and Goethe's *Faust*.
- **Citations:** `[DJ]` Bk I Ch VI note 4 (~p. 95); `[EN]` "Mephistopheles"
  ~16801; `[FG]` PSYCHE (ALL NAMES).

---

## II. The Four Kings of the Quarters

The infernal "directional" kings who command the 72 — named together in `[DJ]`
(as a hierarchy James rejects) and confirmed in `[EN]`.

| King | Quarter | Attestation |
|------|---------|-------------|
| **Amaymon** | East | `[DJ]` Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96); `[EN]` (Asmodeus, Gaap, Seere serve "under Amaymon") |
| **Corson** (Curson) | West | `[DJ]` note 8 (~p. 96); cf. `[EN]` Goetia #20 Purson/Curson* |
| **Zimimar** (Zimimay, Ziminiar) | North | `[DJ]` note 8 (~p. 96); `[EN]` (Goetia conjuration of the four kings) |
| **Gaap** (Goap) | South | `[DJ]` note 8 (~p. 96); `[EN]` Goetia #33 |

\* `[DJ]`'s directional king **Corson** and the Goetia's Duke **Purson/Curson**
(#20) are often conflated but may be distinct figures; flagged here as uncertain.

---

## III. Goetia Officers Attested in 2+ Sources

Of the 72 Spirits of Solomon, only a handful surface outside `[EN]`. These do —
listed with their full grimoire rank.

### Baal (Bael) — *King*
- **Rank & domain:** **King ruling the East**, 66 legions (Goetia #1). Imparts
  invisibility and wisdom `[EN]`.
- **Signs:** Triple-headed — a man's head flanked by cat and toad heads; a hoarse
  voice `[EN]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Canaanite fertility lord, "son of El." In `[SP]`, Milton
  names "Baalim" among the male chiefs of the fallen, and the Baal-worship of
  Ahab's prophets is read as Satanic mediumship.
- **Citations:** `[SP]` Ch. VI p. 65 & Ch. VIII p. 86; `[EN]` "Baal" ~2494.

### Gaap (Goap) — *President and Prince*
- **Rank & domain:** **President and Prince**, 66 legions (Goetia #33), under
  Amaymon; also the directional **King of the South** in `[DJ]`. Teaches
  philosophy, excites love/hate, transports people, gives familiars `[EN]`.
- **Signs:** A human with huge bat wings, preceded by four kings, when the Sun is
  in the southern signs `[EN]`.
- **Citations:** `[DJ]` Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96); `[EN]` "Gaap" ~9168.

### Foras (Forcas) — *President*
- **Rank & domain:** **President**, 29 legions (Goetia #31). Teaches logic,
  ethics, the virtues of herbs and gems; makes invisible; finds treasure; grants
  eloquence and longevity `[EN]`.
- **Signs:** A strong man, or a chevalier `[EN]`.
- **Citations:** `[DJ]` Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96, "Foras, a mighty President");
  `[EN]` "Foras" ~9075.

### Berith / Baalberith — *Great Duke*
- **Rank & domain:** **Great Duke**, 26 legions (Goetia #28). Gives true answers,
  turns metals to gold, a great liar; **notarizes infernal pacts** `[EN]`.
- **Signs:** A red-skinned soldier in a golden crown on a red horse; the conjurer
  must wear a silver ring `[EN]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** A fallen cherub-prince; "Baalberith" links him to Baal.
- **Citations:** `[EN]` "Berith" ~2920; alias overlap with Baal worship in `[SP]`.

---

## IV. The Watcher Tier — Fallen Angels of the Enochic Command

A *separate*, older hierarchy: 200 angels organized under "chiefs of tens" who
descended, took human wives, and fathered the Nephilim. Central to `[DM]`, with
parallels in `[EN]` and `[SP]`.

### Azazel (Asael, Azael)
- **Rank & domain:** Chief of the fallen — elevated in the *Apocalypse of
  Abraham* from "a leader among the fallen" to **the** arch-demon, who "rules the
  stars and most men" `[DM]`. **King of the seirim** (goat-spirits) `[FG]` `[EN]`;
  governs "the lot of Azazel" (the wicked / the Gentiles). Taught weapon-making,
  cosmetics, and forbidden secrets.
- **Signs / identification:** The **scapegoat** of Yom Kippur driven to the
  wilderness pit **Dudael** (Lev 16); appears as an "unclean bird" descending on
  sacrifices; in the protological vision, a serpent with human hands/feet and
  twelve wings `[DM]`. Goat-like; dwells in the desert `[FG]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** A Watcher who lusted after mortal women (1 Enoch 6–11);
  bound by Raphael in Dudael. In Islam = **Iblis**'s pre-fall name `[FG]` `[EN]`;
  later conflated with Satan.
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "The Likeness of Heaven," "Eschatological Yom Kippur,"
  "The Garment of Azazel" (throughout); `[FG]` DESERT "Azazel" pp. 144–145;
  `[EN]` "Azazel" ~2411.

### Semyaza / Shemihazah
- **Rank & domain:** **Leader of the Watchers** (the 200); proposed the binding
  oath on Mount Hermon (1 Enoch 6) `[DM]`. In *2 Enoch* this leadership is
  reassigned to Satanael.
- **Signs / identification:** Hung upside-down in Orion as punishment `[EN]`;
  father of the giants Hiwa/Hiya (Ohya/Ahya).
- **Origins & aliases:** Shemyaza, Semjaza, Shemhazai; paired with Azael as the
  two arch-Watchers.
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "The Watchers of Satanael" pp. 85, 94, 100; `[EN]`
  "Semyaza" ~22117.

### Satanael
- **Rank & domain:** **Prince of the Watchers** leading 200 myriads (*2 Enoch*)
  `[DM]`; the chief celestial rebel of the Adamic myth who refused to venerate
  Adam.
- **Signs / identification:** Flies "ceaselessly above the abyss" after his fall;
  planter of the cursed vine `[DM]`. Made dark and ugly, loses creative power, and
  **loses the "-el"** to become Satan `[EN]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** = Lucifer (`[EN]`), folds into Satan/Samael. The bridge
  figure between the Watcher myth and the Devil of the upper tier.
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "The Watchers of Satanael" pp. 85–99; `[EN]` "Satanail"
  ~21556.

### Samael (Sammael)
- **Rank & domain:** **"The first prince and accuser, the commander of jealousy"**
  `[DM]`; chief of the ten evil sephirot; "prince of Rome"; "venom of God,"
  executioner of God's death sentences `[EN]`.
- **Signs / identification:** The **rider on the serpent** — "Samael came down
  from heaven riding on this serpent" (*Zohar*) `[DM]`; the dark spots of the Moon
  are his excrement `[EN]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** The serpent who tempted Eve; uncircumcised husband of
  **Lilith**; equated with Satan. Listed among Satan's aliases in `[FG]`.
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "The Garment of Azazel" pp. 76–77; `[EN]` "Samael" ~21366;
  `[FG]` PSYCHE (ALL NAMES, "Sammael").

### Uzza, Azza & Azael (the three Watchers)
- **Rank & domain:** A trio of fallen angelic leaders who opposed the creation of
  man and **taught humanity sorcery**, by which Enosh's generation fell into
  idolatry `[DM]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Reworked Watcher names echoing Shemihazah/Asael; Uzza is
  also the tutelary (fallen) spirit of Egypt `[EN]`.
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "The Watchers of Satanael" pp. 90–91, 100–101 (3 Enoch);
  `[EN]` "Uzza" ~25329.

### The Nephilim (with Ohya & Ahya) — *the giant offspring*
- **Status:** Not rulers but the monstrous progeny of the Watchers and the
  daughters of men; the antediluvian corruption that brought the Flood. Two named
  sons of Semyaza: **Ohya** and **Ahya** (Heb. Hiwa/Hiya) `[DM]` `[EN]`. In `[SP]`
  identified with the Genesis 6 "mighty men… of renown" and the post-Flood "sons
  of Anak."
- **Citations:** `[DM]` "The Flooded Arboretums" pp. 113–125; `[SP]` Ch. VI
  pp. 51, 57; `[EN]` "Nephilim" ~17925.

---

## V. Other Recurring Named Spirits

Attested in 2+ sources but outside the grimoire/Watcher spines.

### Iblis & the Shaitan
- **Rank & domain:** **Chief of all djinn, King of the Shaitans** `[FG]`;
  the arch-demon of Islam, "spirit of doubt," commanding an army of *marid*. The
  **Shaitan** are a type of djinni, invariably evil, ruled by Iblis `[FG]` `[EN]`.
- **Signs / identification:** A fallen angel "puffed up with pride" who refused to
  bow to Adam ("you created me of fire, him of clay") `[FG]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Closely identified with **Azazel** (his pre-fall name)
  `[FG]` `[EN]`.
- **Citations:** `[FG]` DESERT "Iblis" p. 146 & "Shaitan" pp. 151–153; `[EN]`
  "Iblis"/"Shaytan."

### Lilith
- **Rank & domain:** **Bride of Samael**; archdemon "The Seducer" of Yesod; rides
  with **420 legions** on the Day of Atonement `[EN]`. Night demon and succubus —
  strangles newborns, seduces sleeping men to spawn demons.
- **Signs / identification:** A beautiful woman with long red hair and a body of
  fire (or hairy, bestial legs); a screech owl; power peaks at the dark Moon;
  repelled by iron and the names Sanvi/Sansanvi/Semangelaf `[EN]`. Kabbalistic
  "queen of hell," conflated with the Roman *strix*/stirges owl-demon `[DJ]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Adam's first wife (Isa 34:14); Babylonian *lilitu*;
  mother of the *lilin*. In `[FG]` she is also the mother of Norway's Huldrefolk.
- **Citations:** `[DJ]` Bk III Ch I note 4 (~p. 154); `[EN]` "Lilith" ~14415;
  `[FG]` MOUNTAIN (Huldrefolk) & DOMICILE (ALL NAMES).

### Python / Pytho (the oracular spirit)
- **Rank & domain:** A **familiar / oracular possessing spirit** of divination —
  "the same that guided the Delphic oracle" `[SP]`; the power behind the
  Philippian "damsel… possessed with a spirit of divination" (Acts 16).
- **Signs / identification:** Speaks oracular/future words **through** a possessed
  woman ("by her tongue," not at her command), marking true possession `[DJ]`.
  The host swells, "full of the god" `[SP]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** From the serpent-dragon Python slain by Apollo at Delphi;
  "Pythoness" generalized to any oracular woman — incl. the Witch of Endor
  (1 Sam 28) `[DJ]`.
- **Citations:** `[SP]` Ch. III p. 37 & Ch. IX pp. 97–99; `[DJ]` Bk II Ch I
  (~pp. 106–107).

### Diana (of the night-court)
- **Rank & domain:** Pagan goddess reinterpreted as a demonic power. In `[SP]`,
  "the goddess" of Ephesus, object of demon-worship and magic (Acts 19). In
  `[DJ]`, head of the fourth class of spirits — "**Diana and her wandering
  court**," the witches' nocturnal flying host (the fairies / "Good Neighbours").
- **Signs / identification:** Women "seduced by the illusions of demons" believe
  they ride by night with Diana over vast distances `[DJ]` (quoting Regino of
  Prüm).
- **Citations:** `[SP]` Ch. IX p. 100; `[DJ]` Bk III Ch V (~p. 173) & note 1.

### Apollyon / Abaddon
- **Rank & domain:** **Prince ruling the seventh hierarchy** (the Furies); king of
  the abyss / bottomless pit; death and devastation (Rev 9:11) `[EN]`.
- **Origins & aliases:** Hebrew "place of destruction" personified; Greek
  *Apollyon*, "the destroyer"; equated with Satan/Samael. Listed as a name of
  Satan in `[SP]`.
- **Citations:** `[SP]` p. 28 (Satan's names); `[EN]` "Abaddon" ~437.

### Legion
- **Rank & domain:** Not a single rank but the **collective** of demons possessing
  the Gerasene demoniac — "many demons as one" (Mark 5). Cited as proof of
  demonic personhood `[PU]`.
- **Signs / identification:** A "persistent negotiator" who bargained with Jesus
  and transferred into the swine `[PU]`; in `[FG]` the "Gerasene Demon."
- **Citations:** `[PU]` §1.7 (~lines 2434–2450); `[FG]` PSYCHE (ALL NAMES).

### The Shedim / Seirim (goat-demons)
- **Rank & domain:** A *class*, not an individual: Hebrew wilderness demons. The
  **seirim** ("goat demons"/"satyrs," Lev 17:7, Isa 34:14) and **shedhim**
  (recipients of idolatrous child-sacrifice, Deut 32:17, Ps 106:37) `[PU]`. In
  `[EN]`, the shedim are **ruled by Asmodeus**.
- **Signs / identification:** Hairy, horned, wide-mouthed, with lolling tongues
  and wings; "eat, drink, marry, and die like men"; haunt ruins and waste places
  `[FG]`. Azazel is their **king** `[FG]` `[EN]`.
- **Citations:** `[PU]` §2.5.2 (~lines 3285–3317); `[FG]` FOREST "Shedim"
  pp. 125–127; `[EN]` "Shedim" ~22557.

### Ahriman (Angra Mainyu)
- **Rank & domain:** The Zoroastrian **"demon of all demons,"** the Destructive
  Spirit and source of all evil; created the diseases, six archdemons, and the
  dragon Azhi Dahaka `[EN]`. In `[FG]`, the Persian principle of cosmic darkness.
- **Origins & aliases:** Twin of Ahura Mazda; commands the **daeva**. His
  lieutenant Aeshma is the root of Hebrew **Asmodeus** — tying this tradition back
  to Tier I.
- **Citations:** `[FG]` (ALL NAMES, "Ahriman / Angra Mainyu"); `[EN]` "Ahriman"
  ~695.

### Pazuzu
- **Status:** Mesopotamian wind/plague demon; appears in both `[FG]` (DOMICILE)
  and `[EN]` (Mesopotamian section). Included for completeness as a 2-source
  recurrence; little rank detail given in either.
- **Citations:** `[FG]` DOMICILE (ALL NAMES); `[EN]` "Pazuzu."

---

## VI. The Recurrence Map

How many of the six sources name each principal entity (aliases merged):

| Entity | `[FG]` | `[DM]` | `[PU]` | `[SP]` | `[DJ]` | `[EN]` | Count |
|--------|:--:|:--:|:--:|:--:|:--:|:--:|:--:|
| **Satan** (Devil/Sammael/Satanael) | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | **6** |
| **Lucifer** | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | **6** |
| **Beelzebub** | ● | | | ● | ● | ● | 4 |
| **Leviathan** | ● | ● | | | ● | ● | 4 |
| **Azazel** (Iblis) | ● | ● | | | | ● | 3 |
| **Samael** | ● | ● | | | | ● | 3 |
| **Belial** | | ● | | ● | | ● | 3 |
| **Asmodeus** (Aeshma) | ● | | | | ● | ● | 3 |
| **Astaroth** | | | | ● | ● | ● | 3 |
| **Mephistopheles** | ● | | | | ● | ● | 3 |
| **Lilith** | ● | | | | ● | ● | 3 |
| **Nephilim** | | ● | | ● | | ● | 3 |
| **Watchers / Semyaza** | | ● | | (●) | | ● | 3 |
| **Shedim / Seirim** | ● | | ● | | | ● | 3 |
| **Python** | | | | ● | ● | | 2 |
| **Diana** | | | | ● | ● | | 2 |
| **Moloch** | | | | ● | | ● | 2 |
| **Baal / Bael** | | | | ● | | ● | 2 |
| **Mammon** | ● | | | | | ● | 2 |
| **Belphegor** | ● | | | | | ● | 2 |
| **Apollyon / Abaddon** | | | | ● | | ● | 2 |
| **Legion** | ● | | ● | | | | 2 |
| **Iblis / Shaitan** | ● | | | | | ● | 2 |
| **Ahriman** | ● | | | | | ● | 2 |
| **Gaap / Foras / Amaymon** (Goetia in `[DJ]`) | | | | | ● | ● | 2 |
| **Pazuzu** | ● | | | | | ● | 2 |

*(● = named; (●) = present by close cognate.)* Only **Satan** and **Lucifer**
appear in all six. The hierarchy's "depth" is an artifact of `[EN]` alone — every
rank below Prince that lacks a second ● is a single-source figure and was
excluded from the entries above.

---

## VII. What the sources actually disagree about

1. **Is the demonic personal at all?** `[PU]` frames the whole question: Unger
   says demons are real personal beings with names and ranks; Barth says the
   demonic is *das Nichtige* ("nothingness"), a shadow of creation — so a "ranked
   hierarchy" is, for Barth, a category error.
2. **Is the hierarchy real or a fraud?** `[EN]` reports the grimoire ranks
   straight; `[DJ]` (King James) says the ranks are **lies the Devil tells
   magicians** to flatter them — there is one Devil under many names.
3. **Who leads the fallen?** `[DM]` shows the leadership migrating: Azazel →
   Shemihazah/Semyaza → Satanael → Satan, as later texts overwrite earlier ones.
   The "supreme" slot is a moving target.
4. **Where do the demons come from?** Three incompatible origin myths coexist:
   fallen angels of pride (Isa 14 / Ezek 28, `[SP]` `[EN]`); the lustful Watchers
   of Genesis 6 / 1 Enoch (`[DM]`); and pagan gods demonized by monotheism
   (Baal, Astarte, Diana, Moloch, Ahriman — `[SP]` `[FG]` `[EN]`).

The ladder in this document is the **`[EN]`/grimoire** answer, cross-checked
against the others wherever they name the same entity. Read it as one coherent
tradition rendered in full — not as a fact the six books endorse together.

---

*Sources: the six documents in `md/demonology/`. Page/line citations point into
those converted files (`-----` page boundaries; `~NNNN` = approximate line in the
Encyclopedia). Aliases are merged to the most common form; see the Recurrence Map
for which books attest each name.*