{
  "meta": {
    "topic": "demonology",
    "scope": "entities attested in 2 or more of the six source documents",
    "rank_ladder": ["Emperor", "King", "Prince", "Duke", "Marquis", "Earl", "President", "Knight"],
    "generated_from": [
      "demon-hierarchy-synthesis.md",
      "the six source documents in md/demonology/"
    ],
    "caveat": "Rank depth derives almost entirely from the Encyclopedia (EN). Daemonologie (DJ) names these ranks only to reject them as the Devil's lies. This is one tradition's hierarchy, not a consensus of the sources. Aliases are merged to the most common form; see cross_refs for conflations."
  },
  "sources": {
    "FG": "A Field Guide to Demons, Fairies, Fallen Angels and Other Subversive Spirits (Mack & Mack) — global folklore catalog",
    "DM": "Dark Mirrors: Azazel and Satanael in Early Jewish Demonology (Orlov) — Enochic / Second-Temple Watcher myth",
    "PU": "Personal or Impersonal: Karl Barth & Merrill Unger on the Demonic — theology (personal vs. 'nothingness')",
    "SP": "Spiritism and the Fallen Angels in the Light of the OT and NT — Protestant polemic on mediumship/idolatry",
    "DJ": "Daemonologie (King James I) + News from Scotland — witch-hunt theology; rejects the grimoire hierarchy",
    "EN": "The Encyclopedia of Demons and Demonology (Guiley) — reference; full Goetia 72, seven princes, Watchers"
  },
  "demons": [
    {
      "id": "satan",
      "name": "Satan",
      "aliases": ["the Devil", "the Adversary", "Diabolos", "the Dragon", "the Serpent", "the Deceiver", "the Evil One", "Sathan"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "Head of all demons / Prince of Darkness",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": "Anger",
      "domain": ["temptation", "accusation", "rule of Hell", "the power of death", "deception"],
      "signs": ["the dragon/serpent of Revelation 12", "disguises as an angel of light (2 Cor 11:14)", "shape-shifter: luminous angel, serpent, wild beast", "appears to witches as a man in black; cold to the touch; marks servants with the Devil's mark", "walks 'as a roaring lion'"],
      "origins": "Originally an exalted cherub fallen through pride (Isa 14 / Ezek 28); Hebrew 'adversary'. Identified with the Eden serpent, Lucifer, Iblis.",
      "sources": ["FG", "DM", "PU", "SP", "DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 6,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "Satan and the Visionary, pp. 107-112",
        "PU": "§1.3 Satanology",
        "SP": "Ch. III 'Satan—Or Spiritism at its Source', pp. 27-38",
        "DJ": "Bk III Ch V (~p. 175)",
        "EN": "'Satan' ~21423",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["lucifer", "satanael", "samael", "beelzebub", "belial", "iblis", "apollyon"],
      "notes": "The only entity, with Lucifer, named in all six sources. Functions as the merge-point for most upper-tier aliases."
    },
    {
      "id": "lucifer",
      "name": "Lucifer",
      "aliases": ["Helel", "the Morning Star", "the Day Star", "Satanael"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "Emperor of Hell",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": "Pride",
      "domain": ["light-bringing", "pride", "rule over Europeans/Asiatics", "temptation"],
      "signs": ["appears as a beautiful child when conjured", "associated with Venus / the morning star"],
      "origins": "Latin lucem ferre, 'light-bearer', from the Day Star (Isa 14:12). = Satanael in 2 Enoch; treated as Satan's pre-fall name. Ranked above Satan in EN's scheme; DJ calls it merely an allegorical name for Satan before his fall.",
      "sources": ["FG", "DM", "PU", "SP", "DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 6,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "The Watchers of Satanael, pp. 85-99",
        "PU": "Lutzer quote ~line 8030",
        "SP": "Satan's names list, p. 28",
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI (~p. 90)",
        "EN": "'Lucifer' ~15055",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["satan", "satanael"],
      "notes": "Aliased to Satan in most sources; given distinct top rank only in EN."
    },
    {
      "id": "beelzebub",
      "name": "Beelzebub",
      "aliases": ["Baal-zebul", "Beelzeboul", "Lord of the Flies"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "Prince of Demons",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": "Gluttony",
      "domain": ["command of the decan-demons", "lust in holy men", "war and murder", "rule over the sabbats", "demon worship"],
      "signs": ["a gigantic ugly fly", "a giant enthroned: swollen face, horns, bat wings, duck feet, lion's tail", "thwarted by the oath 'Elo-i'"],
      "origins": "From Baal-zebul, 'Lord of the Flies'; highest-ranking fallen angel; chief possessing demon at Aix and Loudun.",
      "sources": ["FG", "SP", "DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 4,
      "citations": {
        "SP": "p. 28 (Satan's names) & Ch. IV p. 42",
        "DJ": "Bk III Ch V (~p. 175); Grandier pact note ~p. 97",
        "EN": "'Beelzebub' ~2732; Testament of Solomon",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["satan"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "leviathan",
      "name": "Leviathan",
      "aliases": ["the Tortuous Serpent", "the Slant Serpent"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "King of beasts",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": "Envy",
      "domain": ["the sea and the deep", "dragging down ships", "primordial chaos"],
      "signs": ["whale-like, shield-scaled", "flaming breath, 'eyes like the dawn'", "near-invulnerable"],
      "origins": "Primordial sea monster of Job / Jonah. Female aspect ('Tortuous Serpent') linked to Lilith; male the 'Slant Serpent'. A Loudun possessing demon.",
      "sources": ["FG", "DM", "DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 4,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "The Likeness of Heaven, p. 21",
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI note 10 (~p. 97), Grandier pact",
        "EN": "'Leviathan' ~14260",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["lilith"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "belial",
      "name": "Belial",
      "aliases": ["Beliar", "Bernael"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "King",
      "legions": 80,
      "goetia_number": 68,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["worthlessness", "fornication", "lies", "treachery", "leadership of the Sons of Darkness"],
      "signs": ["a deceptively beautiful, soft-voiced angel in a fire-dragon chariot", "'visage like a viper' (Testament of Amram)", "requires sacrifices to invoke"],
      "origins": "Hebrew 'without worth'; one of the Watchers; titled Prince of Darkness, King of Evil; synonym for Satan/Antichrist. At Qumran, head of 'the men of the lot of Belial'. Via Milton (SP), a chief of the fallen who coupled with the daughters of men.",
      "sources": ["DM", "SP", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "Eschatological Yom Kippur, p. 40 (Qumran)",
        "SP": "p. 28 & Milton quote p. 52",
        "EN": "'Belial' ~2945"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["satan", "watchers"],
      "notes": "Both a top-tier prince and Goetia #68; rank/legions from the Goetia (EN)."
    },
    {
      "id": "astaroth",
      "name": "Astaroth",
      "aliases": ["Ashtaroth", "Astarte (origin)"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "Grand Duke and Treasurer",
      "legions": 40,
      "goetia_number": 29,
      "deadly_sin": "Sloth",
      "domain": ["all sciences", "secrets of past/present/future", "encourages sloth", "necromantic divination"],
      "signs": ["an ugly or beautiful angel astride a dragon, holding a viper", "foul stinking breath (hold a magic ring to the face)", "conjured Wednesday 10-11pm"],
      "origins": "A male demon derived from the goddess Astarte/Ashtoreth; fallen seraph, prince of thrones; archdemon of Chesed. One of three supreme demons (with Beelzebub, Lucifer) in the Grand Grimoire. In SP, Milton lists Ashtaroth among the chiefs of the fallen.",
      "sources": ["SP", "DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "SP": "Ch. VI p. 65 (Milton)",
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI note 10 (~p. 97), Grandier pact",
        "EN": "'Astaroth' ~2279"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["beelzebub", "lucifer"],
      "notes": "Both a top-tier prince and Goetia #29."
    },
    {
      "id": "asmodeus",
      "name": "Asmodeus",
      "aliases": ["Asmoday", "Ashmedai", "Aeshma", "Sydonay"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "King",
      "legions": 72,
      "goetia_number": 32,
      "deadly_sin": "Lust",
      "domain": ["lust", "jealousy", "anger", "revenge", "wrecks marriages", "gambling", "teaches arithmetic/geometry/astronomy"],
      "signs": ["three heads (ogre, ram, bull)", "cock's feet, serpent tail, wings", "rides a fire-breathing dragon", "fears water", "thwarted by smoke of fish liver and gall (Tobit)"],
      "origins": "Persian, from the daeva Aeshma 'of the bloody mace'; son of Naamah and Shamdon; fallen seraph; husband of Lilith; first under Amaymon. Ruler of the shedim.",
      "sources": ["FG", "DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96)",
        "EN": "'Asmodeus' ~2170; Zoroastrian 'Aeshma' ~642; Testament of Solomon",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["amaymon", "lilith", "shedim", "ahriman"],
      "notes": "Both a top-tier prince (Lust) and Goetia #32. Aeshma ties him to the Zoroastrian Ahriman tradition."
    },
    {
      "id": "mephistopheles",
      "name": "Mephistopheles",
      "aliases": ["Mephostophiles", "Mephistophilis"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "one of the seven great princes of Hell",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["serving and damning Faust", "pact negotiation", "the Devil's representative"],
      "signs": ["a tall man in black", "shape-shifts: grey friar, fiery bear, bald dwarf, invisible ringing bell"],
      "origins": "Faust-legend figure, named by Trithemius; from Marlowe's Doctor Faustus and Goethe's Faust. The archetypal pact-serving familiar.",
      "sources": ["FG", "DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI note 4 (~p. 95)",
        "EN": "'Mephistopheles' ~16801",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": [],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "moloch",
      "name": "Moloch",
      "aliases": ["Molech", "Baal (identified)", "Malik"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "first of the evil demons of the Tree of Life (Kether, with Satan)",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["child sacrifice", "plague", "'prince of the valley of tears'", "detrimental sun"],
      "signs": ["a bull-headed man with long arms on a brass throne", "children burned in his hollow bronze belly (passing 'through the fire')"],
      "origins": "Ammonite/Phoenician god; identified with Baal, Malik, and Greek Cronos.",
      "sources": ["SP", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "SP": "Ch. VII 'Abominations of the Canaanites', p. 71",
        "EN": "'Moloch' ~17459"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["baal", "satan"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "mammon",
      "name": "Mammon",
      "aliases": [],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "prince of tempters / archdemon",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": "Avarice",
      "domain": ["greed", "riches"],
      "signs": ["symbol: wolf"],
      "origins": "Aramaic 'riches'; a fallen angel, often equated with Lucifer/Satan/Beelzebub. Hell's ambassador to England.",
      "sources": ["FG", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "EN": "'Mammon' ~16356",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["lucifer", "satan", "beelzebub"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "belphegor",
      "name": "Belphegor",
      "aliases": ["Baal-Peor"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "supreme-prince",
      "rank": "archdemon of the sixth sephirah (Tipareth)",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": "Sloth",
      "domain": ["sloth", "riches", "inventions and discoveries", "misogyny", "licentiousness"],
      "signs": ["sits on a pierced chair (excrement is his offering)", "appears as a beautiful young girl to tempt men"],
      "origins": "The Moabite god Baal-Peor (phallus worship); a fallen Principality. Infernal ambassador to France.",
      "sources": ["FG", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "EN": "'Belphegor' ~2993",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["baal"],
      "notes": "Note: deadly_sin Sloth overlaps with Astaroth; sources assign Sloth to both in different schemes."
    },
    {
      "id": "amaymon",
      "name": "Amaymon",
      "aliases": [],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "directional-king",
      "rank": "King of the East",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["rule of the East quarter", "command over the 72 Goetic demons"],
      "signs": [],
      "origins": "One of the four infernal directional kings who command the Goetia 72; Asmodeus, Gaap, and Seere serve under him.",
      "sources": ["DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96)",
        "EN": "Goetia four-kings conjuration; subordinations under Amaymon"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["asmodeus", "gaap", "corson", "zimimar"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "corson",
      "name": "Corson",
      "aliases": ["Curson (?)"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "directional-king",
      "rank": "King of the West",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["rule of the West quarter"],
      "signs": [],
      "origins": "One of the four infernal directional kings (DJ).",
      "sources": ["DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96)",
        "EN": "Goetia four-kings conjuration; cf. Purson/Curson #20"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["amaymon", "zimimar", "gaap"],
      "notes": "UNCERTAIN: DJ's directional king Corson is often conflated with the Goetia's Duke Purson/Curson (#20) but may be a distinct figure."
    },
    {
      "id": "zimimar",
      "name": "Zimimar",
      "aliases": ["Zimimay", "Ziminiar"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "directional-king",
      "rank": "King of the North",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["rule of the North quarter"],
      "signs": [],
      "origins": "One of the four infernal directional kings (DJ); named in the Goetia four-kings conjuration.",
      "sources": ["DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96)",
        "EN": "Goetia four-kings conjuration"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["amaymon", "corson", "gaap"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "gaap",
      "name": "Gaap",
      "aliases": ["Goap", "Tap"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "directional-king",
      "rank": "King of the South (also President and Prince, Goetia)",
      "legions": 66,
      "goetia_number": 33,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["rule of the South quarter", "teaches sciences/philosophy", "excites love/hate", "transports people", "gives familiars"],
      "signs": ["a human with huge bat wings, preceded by four kings", "appears when the Sun is in the southern signs"],
      "origins": "A fallen Power; both a Goetia officer (President and Prince, under Amaymon) and the directional King of the South.",
      "sources": ["DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96)",
        "EN": "'Gaap' ~9168"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["amaymon"],
      "notes": "Spans two ranks: directional King and Goetia #33."
    },
    {
      "id": "baal",
      "name": "Baal",
      "aliases": ["Bael", "Baell", "Baalim"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "goetia-officer",
      "rank": "King ruling the East",
      "legions": 66,
      "goetia_number": 1,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["imparts invisibility and wisdom", "idolatry / false prophecy (SP)"],
      "signs": ["triple-headed: a man's head flanked by cat and toad heads", "a hoarse voice"],
      "origins": "Canaanite fertility lord, 'son of El'. In SP, Milton names Baalim among the male chiefs of the fallen, and Ahab's Baal-worship is read as Satanic mediumship.",
      "sources": ["SP", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "SP": "Ch. VI p. 65 & Ch. VIII p. 86",
        "EN": "'Baal' ~2494"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["moloch", "belphegor"],
      "notes": "Goetia #1; the root deity behind several other entries (Beelzebub/Baal-zebul, Belphegor/Baal-Peor, Berith/Baalberith)."
    },
    {
      "id": "foras",
      "name": "Foras",
      "aliases": ["Forcas", "Forras"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "goetia-officer",
      "rank": "President",
      "legions": 29,
      "goetia_number": 31,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["logic, ethics, virtues of herbs and gems", "makes invisible", "finds treasure", "grants eloquence and longevity"],
      "signs": ["a strong man, or a chevalier"],
      "origins": "A Goetia officer; cited in DJ as a specimen of the hierarchy James rejects ('Foras, a mighty President').",
      "sources": ["DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "DJ": "Bk I Ch VI note 8 (~p. 96)",
        "EN": "'Foras' ~9075"
      },
      "cross_refs": [],
      "notes": "One of the few mid-rank Goetia officers attested outside EN."
    },
    {
      "id": "azazel",
      "name": "Azazel",
      "aliases": ["Asael", "Azael", "Iblis (Islam)"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "watcher",
      "rank": "Chief of the fallen / King of the seirim",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["forbidden knowledge", "weapon-making", "cosmetics", "idolatry", "the 'lot of Azazel' (the wicked)"],
      "signs": ["the scapegoat of Yom Kippur driven to the wilderness pit Dudael (Lev 16)", "appears as an 'unclean bird' descending on sacrifices", "a serpent with human hands/feet and twelve wings (Apoc. Abraham)", "goat-like, dwells in the desert"],
      "origins": "A Watcher who lusted after mortal women (1 Enoch 6-11); bound by Raphael in Dudael. In the Apocalypse of Abraham elevated to THE arch-demon. In Islam = Iblis's pre-fall name; later conflated with Satan.",
      "sources": ["FG", "DM", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "The Likeness of Heaven / Eschatological Yom Kippur / The Garment of Azazel (throughout)",
        "FG": "DESERT 'Azazel', pp. 144-145",
        "EN": "'Azazel' ~2411"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["iblis", "satan", "shedim", "semyaza", "watchers"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "semyaza",
      "name": "Semyaza",
      "aliases": ["Shemihazah", "Shemyaza", "Semjaza", "Shemhazai"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "watcher",
      "rank": "Leader of the Watchers (the 200)",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["led the Watchers' descent", "the binding oath on Mount Hermon", "fathered the giants"],
      "signs": ["hung upside-down in Orion as punishment", "father of the giants Ohya and Ahya"],
      "origins": "Chief Watcher (1 Enoch 6); in 2 Enoch the leadership is reassigned to Satanael. Paired with Azael as the two arch-Watchers.",
      "sources": ["DM", "SP", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "The Watchers of Satanael, pp. 85, 94, 100",
        "SP": "Ch. VI (sons of God / Nephilim), pp. 51-57",
        "EN": "'Semyaza' ~22117"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["azazel", "satanael", "watchers", "nephilim"],
      "notes": "SP attests by close cognate (the Genesis 6 'sons of God' narrative) rather than the name Semyaza."
    },
    {
      "id": "satanael",
      "name": "Satanael",
      "aliases": ["Satanail"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "watcher",
      "rank": "Prince of the Watchers (200 myriads)",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["leadership of the rebel Watchers", "seduction/corruption of Adam and Eve", "the cursed vine"],
      "signs": ["flies ceaselessly above the abyss after his fall", "made dark and ugly, loses creative power", "loses the '-el' to become Satan"],
      "origins": "The chief celestial rebel of the Adamic myth (2 Enoch) who refused to venerate Adam. = Lucifer (EN); folds into Satan/Samael.",
      "sources": ["DM", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "The Watchers of Satanael, pp. 85-99",
        "EN": "'Satanail' ~21556"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["satan", "lucifer", "samael", "semyaza"],
      "notes": "The bridge figure between the Enochic Watcher myth and the Devil of the supreme tier."
    },
    {
      "id": "samael",
      "name": "Samael",
      "aliases": ["Sammael", "the venom of God"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "watcher",
      "rank": "first prince and accuser / chief of the ten evil sephirot",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["jealousy", "executioner of God's death sentences", "death and the desert wind (Samiel/Simoon)"],
      "signs": ["the rider on the serpent ('Samael came down riding on this serpent', Zohar)", "the dark spots of the Moon are his excrement"],
      "origins": "The serpent who tempted Eve; uncircumcised husband of Lilith; 'prince of Rome' (3 Enoch); equated with Satan.",
      "sources": ["FG", "DM", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "The Garment of Azazel, pp. 76-77",
        "EN": "'Samael' ~21366",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES, 'Sammael')"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["satan", "satanael", "lilith"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "uzza-azza-azael",
      "name": "Uzza, Azza & Azael",
      "aliases": ["the three Watchers", "Ouza", "Uzzah"],
      "type": "collective",
      "tier": "watcher",
      "rank": "fallen angelic leaders (a trio)",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["opposed the creation of man", "taught humanity sorcery", "led Enosh's generation into idolatry"],
      "signs": ["appear as a trio", "bow before / accuse Enoch-Metatron"],
      "origins": "Reworked Watcher names echoing Shemihazah/Asael (3 Enoch). Uzza is also the tutelary (fallen) spirit of Egypt.",
      "sources": ["DM", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "The Watchers of Satanael, pp. 90-91, 100-101 (3 Enoch)",
        "EN": "'Uzza' ~25329"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["azazel", "semyaza", "watchers"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "watchers",
      "name": "The Watchers",
      "aliases": ["Grigori", "Egregoroi", "Sons of God", "Angels of Mastemoth"],
      "type": "collective",
      "tier": "watcher",
      "rank": "200 fallen angels under chiefs of tens",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["cohabited with women", "taught forbidden arts", "fathered the Nephilim"],
      "signs": ["human-like but larger than the great giants", "dejected faces, perpetual silence, no liturgy", "imprisoned in darkness / under the earth"],
      "origins": "The 200 'watching' angels who descended to Mount Hermon (1/2/3 Enoch, Genesis 6), led by Semyaza/Azael or (in 2 Enoch) Satanael.",
      "sources": ["DM", "SP", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "The Watchers of Satanael, pp. 87-97",
        "SP": "Ch. VI 'Sons of God Marrying the Daughters of Men', pp. 51-57",
        "EN": "'Watchers' ~25683"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["semyaza", "azazel", "satanael", "nephilim", "uzza-azza-azael"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "nephilim",
      "name": "Nephilim",
      "aliases": ["the fallen ones", "the giants", "sons of Anak (post-Flood)"],
      "type": "class",
      "tier": "watcher",
      "rank": "race of giants (offspring, not rulers)",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["corruption", "bloodshed", "devouring", "the antediluvian wickedness that brought the Flood"],
      "signs": ["300 cubits tall (1 Enoch)", "named sons of Semyaza: Ohya and Ahya (Hiwa/Hiya)", "ancestors of the Anakim"],
      "origins": "The monstrous progeny of the Watchers and the daughters of men; identified with the Genesis 6 'mighty men of renown'; destroyed in the Flood but reappearing as the sons of Anak.",
      "sources": ["DM", "SP", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "DM": "The Flooded Arboretums, pp. 113-125",
        "SP": "Ch. VI pp. 51, 57",
        "EN": "'Nephilim' ~17925"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["watchers", "semyaza"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "iblis",
      "name": "Iblis",
      "aliases": ["Shaytan (ruler of)", "Azazel, Lord of the Djinn"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "other-recurring",
      "rank": "Chief of all djinn / King of the Shaitans",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["doubt", "tempting humankind", "command of an army of marid and shaitan"],
      "signs": ["a fallen angel 'puffed up with pride'", "refused to bow to Adam ('you created me of fire, him of clay')"],
      "origins": "The arch-demon of Islam; closely identified with Azazel (his pre-fall name). The Shaitan are a class of evil djinn ruled by Iblis.",
      "sources": ["FG", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "FG": "DESERT 'Iblis' p. 146 & 'Shaitan' pp. 151-153",
        "EN": "'Iblis' / 'Shaytan'"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["azazel", "satan"],
      "notes": "The Islamic counterpart/merge of Azazel and Satan."
    },
    {
      "id": "lilith",
      "name": "Lilith",
      "aliases": ["Lilitu", "Lil", "the Seducer", "mother of the lilin"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "other-recurring",
      "rank": "bride of Samael / archdemon of Yesod",
      "legions": 420,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["night demon and succubus", "strangles newborns", "seduces sleeping men to spawn demons", "Lady of the Beasts"],
      "signs": ["a beautiful woman with long red hair and a body of fire (or hairy bestial legs)", "a screech owl", "power peaks at the dark Moon", "repelled by iron and the names Sanvi/Sansanvi/Semangelaf"],
      "origins": "Adam's first wife (Isa 34:14); Babylonian lilitu; from a kelippah (Zohar). Kabbalistic 'queen of hell', conflated with the Roman strix/stirges owl-demon (DJ). In FG, also mother of Norway's Huldrefolk.",
      "sources": ["FG", "DJ", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "DJ": "Bk III Ch I note 4 (~p. 154)",
        "EN": "'Lilith' ~14415",
        "FG": "MOUNTAIN (Huldrefolk) & DOMICILE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["samael", "asmodeus", "leviathan"],
      "notes": "Rides with 420 legions on the Day of Atonement (legions field reflects this)."
    },
    {
      "id": "python",
      "name": "Python",
      "aliases": ["Pytho", "the Pythoness (host)", "spirit of divination"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "other-recurring",
      "rank": "oracular possessing spirit / familiar",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["divination", "oracular prophecy", "mediumship"],
      "signs": ["speaks oracular words THROUGH a possessed woman ('by her tongue', not at her command)", "the host swells, 'full of the god'"],
      "origins": "From the serpent-dragon Python slain by Apollo at Delphi; the power behind the Delphic oracle and the Philippian damsel (Acts 16). 'Pythoness' generalized to any oracular woman, incl. the Witch of Endor.",
      "sources": ["SP", "DJ"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "SP": "Ch. III p. 37 & Ch. IX pp. 97-99",
        "DJ": "Bk II Ch I (~pp. 106-107)"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["diana"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "diana",
      "name": "Diana",
      "aliases": ["Diana of Ephesus", "leader of the night-court"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "other-recurring",
      "rank": "head of the fourth class of spirits (the fairy/witch host)",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["idolatry and magic (Ephesus)", "the witches' nocturnal flying host", "the fairies / 'Good Neighbours'"],
      "signs": ["women 'seduced by the illusions of demons' believe they ride by night with Diana over vast distances"],
      "origins": "A pagan goddess reinterpreted as a demonic power: object of demon-worship at Ephesus (SP, Acts 19); leader of the witches' night-court (DJ, quoting Regino of Prum).",
      "sources": ["SP", "DJ"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "SP": "Ch. IX p. 100",
        "DJ": "Bk III Ch V (~p. 173) & note 1"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["python"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "apollyon",
      "name": "Apollyon",
      "aliases": ["Abaddon"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "other-recurring",
      "rank": "Prince ruling the seventh hierarchy (the Furies); king of the abyss",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["death", "destruction", "war and devastation", "the bottomless pit"],
      "signs": ["king of the bottomless pit (Rev 9:11)"],
      "origins": "Hebrew Abaddon, 'place of destruction', personified; Greek Apollyon, 'the destroyer'; equated with Satan/Samael. Listed as a name of Satan in SP.",
      "sources": ["SP", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "SP": "p. 28 (Satan's names)",
        "EN": "'Abaddon' ~437"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["satan", "samael"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "legion",
      "name": "Legion",
      "aliases": ["the Gerasene Demon"],
      "type": "collective",
      "tier": "other-recurring",
      "rank": "a multitude acting as one",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["demonic possession"],
      "signs": ["'many demons as one' (Mark 5)", "a persistent negotiator who bargained with Jesus", "transferred into the herd of swine"],
      "origins": "The collective of demons possessing the Gerasene demoniac; cited as proof of demonic personhood (Unger).",
      "sources": ["FG", "PU"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "PU": "§1.7 (~lines 2434-2450)",
        "FG": "PSYCHE (ALL NAMES)"
      },
      "cross_refs": [],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "shedim",
      "name": "Shedim / Seirim",
      "aliases": ["Shedhim", "Seirim", "goat demons", "satyrs"],
      "type": "class",
      "tier": "other-recurring",
      "rank": "a class of wilderness demons, ruled by Asmodeus",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["recipients of idolatrous child-sacrifice", "haunting of ruins and waste places"],
      "signs": ["hairy, horned, wide-mouthed, with lolling tongues and wings", "'eat, drink, marry, and die like men'"],
      "origins": "Hebrew wilderness demons: the seirim ('goat demons'/'satyrs', Lev 17:7, Isa 34:14) and shedhim (Deut 32:17, Ps 106:37). Azazel is their king.",
      "sources": ["FG", "PU", "EN"],
      "source_count": 3,
      "citations": {
        "PU": "§2.5.2 (~lines 3285-3317)",
        "FG": "FOREST 'Shedim', pp. 125-127",
        "EN": "'Shedim' ~22557"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["azazel", "asmodeus"],
      "notes": null
    },
    {
      "id": "ahriman",
      "name": "Ahriman",
      "aliases": ["Angra Mainyu", "the Destructive Spirit"],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "other-recurring",
      "rank": "the demon of all demons (Zoroastrian)",
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["drought", "famine", "war", "disease", "source of all evil"],
      "signs": ["created 99,999 diseases, six archdemons, and the dragon Azhi Dahaka", "falls unconscious 3,000 years at the Ahunvar chant"],
      "origins": "Twin of Ahura Mazda; commands the daeva. His lieutenant Aeshma is the root of the Hebrew Asmodeus.",
      "sources": ["FG", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "FG": "(ALL NAMES, 'Ahriman / Angra Mainyu')",
        "EN": "'Ahriman' ~695"
      },
      "cross_refs": ["asmodeus"],
      "notes": "Ties the Zoroastrian tradition back to the supreme tier via Aeshma/Asmodeus."
    },
    {
      "id": "pazuzu",
      "name": "Pazuzu",
      "aliases": [],
      "type": "individual",
      "tier": "other-recurring",
      "rank": null,
      "legions": null,
      "goetia_number": null,
      "deadly_sin": null,
      "domain": ["wind", "plague"],
      "signs": [],
      "origins": "Mesopotamian wind/plague demon. Little rank detail given in either source.",
      "sources": ["FG", "EN"],
      "source_count": 2,
      "citations": {
        "FG": "DOMICILE (ALL NAMES)",
        "EN": "'Pazuzu'"
      },
      "cross_refs": [],
      "notes": "Included for completeness as a 2-source recurrence; sparse attributes."
    }
  ]
}
